/* =============================================================
   Prof. Ramana Balasubramaniam — Surgical practice
   Design system. Editorial / restrained / premium.
   New Yorker  ×  Apple  ×  high-end medical journal.
   ============================================================= */

:root {
  /* --- Palette --- */
  --kohl:        #1A0E0C;   /* near-black, primary dark base */
  --kohl-soft:   #241613;   /* raised dark surface */
  --paper:       #F1E9D7;   /* cream, primary light base */
  --paper-warm:  #EBE0C9;   /* slightly deeper cream */
  --saffron:     #ED7D2A;   /* primary accent */
  --saffron-dim: #C9651C;   /* accent, pressed/hover */
  --forest:      #1A3D2D;   /* deep secondary accent */
  --gold:        #C9A24B;   /* fine detail / rules on dark */
  --ink:         #2A1C16;   /* body text on cream */
  --ink-soft:    #5A4A40;   /* secondary text on cream */
  --cream-soft:  rgba(241,233,215,.62); /* secondary text on dark */
  --line-dark:   rgba(241,233,215,.16);
  --line-light:  rgba(42,28,22,.14);

  /* --- Type --- */
  --serif: "Playfair Display", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans:  "Inter", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;

  /* --- Spacing scale --- */
  --space-section: clamp(4.5rem, 9vw, 9rem);
  --measure: 38rem;            /* ideal reading width */
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  --maxw: 1240px;

  --ease: cubic-bezier(.2, .7, .2, 1);
}

/* --- Reset --- */
*,*::before,*::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
* { margin: 0; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *,*::before,*::after { animation-duration:.001ms !important; transition-duration:.001ms !important; }
}
body {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.7;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, .55vw + .9rem, 1.125rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.003em;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; height: auto; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; }
::selection { background: var(--saffron); color: var(--kohl); }

/* Subtle paper grain for atmosphere */
body::before {
  content: ""; position: fixed; inset: 0; pointer-events: none; z-index: 1;
  opacity: .035; mix-blend-mode: multiply;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='120' height='120'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.9' numOctaves='2'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

/* =============================================================
   Layout primitives
   ============================================================= */
.wrap { width: 100%; max-width: var(--maxw); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--gutter); }
.section { padding-block: var(--space-section); position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.section--dark  { background: var(--kohl);  color: var(--paper); }
.section--forest{ background: var(--forest); color: var(--paper); }
.section--paper { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); }
.section--warm  { background: var(--paper-warm); color: var(--ink); }
.measure { max-width: var(--measure); }

/* =============================================================
   Typography
   ============================================================= */
h1,h2,h3,h4 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.04; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.display {
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 7vw, 5.6rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 0.98;
}
.h-xl { font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4.6vw, 3.7rem); font-weight: 500; }
.h-lg { font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.6rem); }
.h-md { font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2vw, 1.7rem); }
em, .ital { font-style: italic; }
.serif { font-family: var(--serif); }

.overline {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: .74rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.overline--saffron { color: var(--saffron); }
.lede {
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1.4vw, 1.4rem);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-weight: 400;
}
.section--dark .lede,
.section--forest .lede { color: var(--cream-soft); }

p + p { margin-top: 1.15em; }
.prose p { max-width: var(--measure); }
.prose h2 { margin-top: 2.6em; margin-bottom: .5em; }
.prose h3 { margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: .4em; font-weight: 600; font-size: clamp(1.25rem,2vw,1.6rem); }
.prose p, .prose li { color: var(--ink); }
.prose ul.bullets { max-width: var(--measure); margin-top: 1em; }
.prose ul.bullets li {
  position: relative; padding-left: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: .55em;
}
.prose ul.bullets li::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: .72em;
  width: .5rem; height: .5rem; background: var(--saffron); border-radius: 50%;
}
.dropcap::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 600;
  float: left; font-size: 4.1rem; line-height: .82;
  padding: .08em .12em 0 0; color: var(--saffron);
}

/* =============================================================
   Buttons & links
   ============================================================= */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .6rem;
  font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 600; font-size: .92rem;
  letter-spacing: .01em; padding: .95rem 1.6rem; border-radius: 2px;
  border: 1px solid transparent; cursor: pointer;
  transition: background .35s var(--ease), color .35s var(--ease), border-color .35s var(--ease), transform .35s var(--ease);
}
.btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
.btn--saffron { background: var(--saffron); color: var(--kohl); }
.btn--saffron:hover { background: var(--paper); }
.btn--ghost { background: transparent; color: currentColor; border-color: currentColor; }
.btn--ghost:hover { background: var(--saffron); color: var(--kohl); border-color: var(--saffron); }
.btn .arrow { transition: transform .35s var(--ease); }
.btn:hover .arrow { transform: translateX(4px); }

.link-arrow {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: .5rem;
  font-weight: 600; font-size: .95rem; color: var(--saffron);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; transition: border-color .3s var(--ease);
}
.link-arrow:hover { border-color: var(--saffron); }
.section--paper a.inline { color: var(--saffron-dim); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-light); }
.section--paper a.inline:hover { border-color: var(--saffron-dim); }

/* =============================================================
   Header / navigation
   ============================================================= */
.nav {
  position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 100;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 1.1rem var(--gutter);
  transition: background .4s var(--ease), padding .4s var(--ease), box-shadow .4s var(--ease);
}
.nav.is-scrolled {
  background: rgba(26,14,12,.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  padding-block: .7rem;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 var(--line-dark);
}
.nav__brand { font-family: var(--serif); color: var(--paper); font-size: 1.18rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.05; }
.nav__brand span { display: block; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .58rem; letter-spacing: .28em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--saffron); font-weight: 600; margin-top: .25rem; }
.nav__links { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2rem; }
.nav__links a { color: var(--paper); font-size: .86rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .01em; opacity: .82; transition: opacity .25s, color .25s; }
.nav__links a:hover, .nav__links a[aria-current="page"] { opacity: 1; color: var(--saffron); }
.nav__cta { border: 1px solid var(--paper); padding: .55rem 1.1rem !important; border-radius: 2px; opacity: 1 !important; }
.nav__cta:hover { background: var(--saffron); border-color: var(--saffron); color: var(--kohl) !important; }
.nav__toggle { display: none; background: none; border: 0; cursor: pointer; width: 30px; height: 22px; position: relative; }
.nav__toggle span { position: absolute; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 2px; background: var(--paper); transition: transform .3s var(--ease), opacity .3s; }
.nav__toggle span:nth-child(1){ top: 0; } .nav__toggle span:nth-child(2){ top: 10px; } .nav__toggle span:nth-child(3){ top: 20px; }
.nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(1){ transform: translateY(10px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(2){ opacity: 0; }
.nav.is-open .nav__toggle span:nth-child(3){ transform: translateY(-10px) rotate(-45deg); }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .nav__toggle { display: block; z-index: 101; }
  .nav__links {
    position: fixed; inset: 0; background: var(--kohl);
    flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 1.6rem;
    transform: translateX(100%); transition: transform .45s var(--ease);
  }
  .nav.is-open .nav__links { transform: translateX(0); }
  .nav__links a { font-size: 1.4rem; font-family: var(--serif); opacity: 1; }
  .nav__cta { border-width: 1px; padding: .8rem 1.6rem !important; }
}

/* =============================================================
   Hero
   ============================================================= */
.hero {
  min-height: 100svh; background: var(--kohl); color: var(--paper);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 8rem var(--gutter) 0; position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.hero__glow {
  position: absolute; top: -10%; right: -5%; width: 60vw; height: 60vw;
  max-width: 760px; max-height: 760px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(237,125,42,.16), transparent 62%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.hero__inner { width: 100%; max-width: var(--maxw); margin-inline: auto; position: relative; }
.hero__eyebrow { margin-bottom: 1.6rem; color: var(--saffron); }
.hero h1 { max-width: 16ch; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.hero__sub { max-width: 44ch; color: var(--cream-soft); font-size: clamp(1.05rem,1.3vw,1.3rem); margin-bottom: 2.4rem; }
.hero__actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 3.5rem; }
.hero__stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
.hero__stat { padding: 1.8rem 1.5rem 2.4rem 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
.hero__stat:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.hero__stat .num { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem,3.6vw,3rem); font-weight: 600; color: var(--saffron); line-height: 1; }
.hero__stat .label { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--cream-soft); margin-top: .6rem; max-width: 22ch; }
@media (max-width: 680px){
  .hero__stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero__stat { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-dark); padding: 1.2rem 0; }
  .hero__stat:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
}

/* Credential ticker */
.ticker { background: var(--kohl-soft); color: var(--paper); overflow: hidden; border-block: 1px solid var(--line-dark); position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.ticker__track { display: flex; gap: 3rem; white-space: nowrap; padding-block: .95rem; width: max-content; animation: ticker 38s linear infinite; }
.ticker:hover .ticker__track { animation-play-state: paused; }
.ticker__item { font-size: .82rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--cream-soft); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 3rem; }
.ticker__item::after { content: "✦"; color: var(--saffron); font-size: .7rem; }
@keyframes ticker { to { transform: translateX(-50%); } }

/* =============================================================
   Chapter component (homepage)
   ============================================================= */
.chapter { position: relative; }
.chapter__head { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: clamp(1.5rem,4vw,4rem); align-items: start; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.chapter__no {
  font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.4rem,5vw,4rem); font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--saffron); line-height: .8; opacity: .9;
}
.chapter__no small { display: block; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .62rem; letter-spacing: .25em; text-transform: uppercase; color: currentColor; opacity: .55; margin-top: .7rem; }
.chapter__title { max-width: 18ch; }
.chapter__body { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.4rem; max-width: 56rem; }
.chapter__actions { margin-top: 2rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.4rem 2.2rem; align-items: center; }
@media (max-width: 720px){
  .chapter__head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
}

/* =============================================================
   Cards / grids
   ============================================================= */
.grid { display: grid; gap: 1.5rem; }
.grid--2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.grid--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
@media (max-width: 900px){ .grid--3, .grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,1fr); } }
@media (max-width: 600px){ .grid--2, .grid--3, .grid--4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.card {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 1.8rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-light); border-radius: 3px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.25); transition: transform .4s var(--ease), border-color .4s, background .4s;
}
.section--dark .card, .section--forest .card { border-color: var(--line-dark); background: rgba(255,255,255,.03); }
.card:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); border-color: var(--saffron); }
.card__no { font-size: .74rem; letter-spacing: .2em; color: var(--saffron); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: .9rem; }
.card__title { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: .55rem; }
.card__text { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--ink-soft); flex: 1; }
.section--dark .card__text, .section--forest .card__text { color: var(--cream-soft); }
.card__more { margin-top: 1.2rem; font-size: .85rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--saffron); display: inline-flex; gap: .4rem; }
.card a.card__more .arrow { transition: transform .3s var(--ease); }
.card:hover .card__more .arrow { transform: translateX(4px); }

/* Definition / stat rows */
.facts { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(170px,1fr)); gap: 1px; background: var(--line-light); border: 1px solid var(--line-light); }
.section--dark .facts, .section--forest .facts { background: var(--line-dark); border-color: var(--line-dark); }
.fact { background: var(--paper); padding: 1.6rem; }
.section--dark .fact { background: var(--kohl); }
.section--forest .fact { background: var(--forest); }
.section--warm .fact { background: var(--paper-warm); }
.fact .num { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.1rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--saffron); line-height: 1; }
.fact .label { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: .55rem; }
.section--dark .fact .label, .section--forest .fact .label { color: var(--cream-soft); }

/* =============================================================
   Long-form article (condition / location pages)
   ============================================================= */
.page-hero { background: var(--kohl); color: var(--paper); padding: 9rem var(--gutter) 4rem; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.page-hero__inner { max-width: var(--maxw); margin-inline: auto; position: relative; }
.breadcrumb { font-size: .78rem; letter-spacing: .04em; color: var(--cream-soft); margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--saffron); }
.breadcrumb span { opacity: .5; margin-inline: .5rem; }
.page-hero h1 { max-width: 20ch; margin-bottom: 1.3rem; }
.page-hero .lede { max-width: 52ch; }

.article { padding-block: var(--space-section); }
.article__layout { max-width: var(--maxw); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--gutter); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr; gap: clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem); align-items: start; }
.toc { position: sticky; top: 6rem; font-size: .9rem; }
.toc__title { font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.toc a { display: block; padding: .4rem 0; color: var(--ink-soft); border-left: 2px solid var(--line-light); padding-left: 1rem; transition: color .25s, border-color .25s; }
.toc a:hover, .toc a.is-active { color: var(--saffron); border-color: var(--saffron); }
@media (max-width: 900px){
  .article__layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .toc { display: none; }
}

.callout { border-left: 3px solid var(--saffron); background: var(--paper-warm); padding: 1.4rem 1.6rem; margin: 2rem 0; border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0; }
.callout p { margin: 0; font-size: .98rem; }
.callout strong { font-weight: 600; }

/* FAQ accordion */
.faq { border-top: 1px solid var(--line-light); }
.section--dark .faq { border-color: var(--line-dark); }
.faq__item { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-light); }
.section--dark .faq__item { border-color: var(--line-dark); }
.faq__q { width: 100%; text-align: left; background: none; border: 0; cursor: pointer; padding: 1.4rem 0; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: baseline; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 500; color: inherit; }
.faq__q .sign { font-family: var(--sans); color: var(--saffron); font-size: 1.4rem; transition: transform .35s var(--ease); flex: none; }
.faq__item.is-open .faq__q .sign { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.faq__a { max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height .45s var(--ease); }
.faq__a-inner { padding-bottom: 1.5rem; color: var(--ink-soft); max-width: var(--measure); }
.section--dark .faq__a-inner { color: var(--cream-soft); }

/* =============================================================
   Clinics / contact
   ============================================================= */
.clinic { padding: 1.8rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
.clinic:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.clinic__name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.45rem; font-weight: 600; }
.clinic__tag { font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--saffron); margin-top: .3rem; }
.clinic__addr { color: var(--cream-soft); margin-top: .6rem; }

.contact-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 1rem 2rem; align-items: baseline; max-width: 30rem; }
.contact-row dt { font-size: .74rem; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--saffron); }
.contact-row dd { font-size: 1.05rem; }

/* =============================================================
   Footer
   ============================================================= */
.footer { background: var(--kohl); color: var(--paper); padding: var(--space-section) var(--gutter) 2.5rem; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.footer__inner { max-width: var(--maxw); margin-inline: auto; }
.footer__top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; padding-bottom: 3rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
@media (max-width: 760px){ .footer__top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; } }
.footer__brand { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.7rem; font-weight: 600; }
.footer__brand span { color: var(--saffron); }
.footer__col h4 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .74rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--saffron); margin-bottom: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; }
.footer__col a, .footer__col p { display: block; color: var(--cream-soft); font-size: .92rem; padding: .25rem 0; transition: color .25s; }
.footer__col a:hover { color: var(--saffron); }
.footer__bottom { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; justify-content: space-between; padding-top: 2rem; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--cream-soft); }
.footer__disc { max-width: 60ch; line-height: 1.6; }

/* =============================================================
   Reveal-on-scroll
   ============================================================= */
.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(24px); transition: opacity .8s var(--ease), transform .8s var(--ease); }
.reveal.is-in { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.reveal[data-delay="1"]{ transition-delay: .08s; }
.reveal[data-delay="2"]{ transition-delay: .16s; }
.reveal[data-delay="3"]{ transition-delay: .24s; }

/* utility */
.mt-1{margin-top:1rem}.mt-2{margin-top:2rem}.mt-3{margin-top:3rem}
.center{text-align:center}.skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px}
.skip:focus{position:fixed;top:1rem;left:1rem;z-index:999;background:var(--saffron);color:var(--kohl);padding:.6rem 1rem;border-radius:3px}